Engine



Feb.' 9 ,1926; 1,572,500

v. w. MOBAY Filed Oct. 16, 1922l 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 ""7 Arromvfy Feb y V. W. MORAY ENGINE Filed Oct. 16.

Allomey x Feb. 9 1926;

V. W. MORA-Y ENGINE Filed Oct. 16, 1922 4 sheets-sheet s Feb. 9 1926. 1,572,500

` v. w. MORAY ENGINE Filed Got. 16, 1922 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 4Q mm A .Q l r K OIL WATER mann/frs Patented Feb. 9,l 1926.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

'V'BGIL W. MORAY, 0E NEW' YQBK, N. Y.

ENGINE.

Application mea october 16.1922. seal No. 594,747.

To all whom itl may concern:

Be it known that I, yVIRGIL W. MORAY, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of the city of New York, county ofthe Bronxy and State of. New York, have .in

ing parts of the engine; and to simplify and cheapen the construction of the engine.

` Dra/wings. y

Figures 1 and 2 are horizontal longitudinal sections of an engine constructed and arranged in accordance with the present invention, the section being taken as on the line 1-1 in Figure 3 and Figure -1 showing one end portion of the engine and Figure 2 being a continuation of Figure 1, andshowing the vother end portion of the engine.

Figure 3 is a cross section of the engine,

the sectionbeing Ataken as on the line 3.--3 in Fig. 1.

Figure 4 is. a longitudinal section taken i through one oi the pistons, and a fragment Vof the supporting shaft and cylinder there! for the secti'oubein .1 -a

taken as on the line in Figures 1 an f .Figure 5 is a longitudinal section. takenI through one of the istons,`and a fragmentv ofthe supportin saft and cylinder therefor, the section eing taken as on the' line- 5-5 in Figure 1 and in Figure 3. y l Figures 6 and 7 are longitudinal sections of the pistons and parts connected there! with, shown in Figures 4 and 5, thesectionsl beingtaken as on the line and' 6-,-7 in Figure 3.

. .bsti'r *Figures 8 is,l a cross section ofA the engin'efv and one of the pistons therefor', 'tlie-sel:tion'' being taken as on the line 8-8 iiQFif.' 4;, showing the oil circulation, and a part o the water circulation used inthe present -inven-4v `acter, the section being taken as on the line 9'-9 in Fig. 6.

Desmz'ptbn.

Engines built in conformity with `the present invention employ two series of moving pistons and supporting shafts .therefor cooperatively connected. withv a rotary or driving shaft of an engine., Both/@eries are mounted inl a single continuous c linder wherein they -are reciprocated in re atively opposite directions and wherein the'pistons formboth the resistin and ielding power operated members. Tie me lium constituting the motive 'power lwith which the engine is applied is introduced tothe cylinderin coordination tothe moving pistons to 'be"delivered therebetween to 'secure the expansion or recession of eachv from the' other when said medium is expanded: v Referrin to the drawings,v it will be seen that the cylinder 15 is tubular and elongated. At opposite ends thereof are itted gastight heads 16. The heads 16 arebolted in place, suitable `gaskets bein used, and provide bearings through whil the semicircular shafts 17 and 18 pass. Glands-'19 at opposite. ends of the cylinder serve to `wipe the piston rod. The packing at this pointis loose enough to provide passageffor air to prevent the same being trappedor compressed in the ends of the cylinderh Several forms of power medium such as steam,- ex losive gases, or other medium, and

.expande va ors'rmay be employed. I nthe drawi'ngs'l ave illustrated.A the adaptation of the' engine tothe use of explosive gases. .Toradiate theheat developed in the cylinder 15, I provide the same with a series of annular fins-20. The fins 2O are subjected' to laifr currents driven through' the casing jacket 21 by means of a circulating fan- 22.

' As seen; best V in Figures-4 to 7 4vinclusive and i' FiguresV Sand 9, the piston rods 17 and -18are1 semi-circularv yande-formed as cunteniprtsv.each 'to the other. As shown gures {and of the drawings, the pistons- 'and B"- are lbolted by means of anges to the: istonrods 17 and 18 and are disposed in slicl rods 18 and 1,'7 respectively, an .oil groove 24 `being` formed in the' said piston adjay l cent-'the shaft '18 foreliminatrng'fricti'on Figure 9'is a cross section of similar char-'I otherwise produced lat this'pointf "Wipersl ing relation to the piston 30 irr the piston rods .-17 and 18 as will be hereinafter brought out. A

By reference to Figures 3, -8 and 9, it will'be seen that the semi-circular shafts are bored longitudinally to rov-ide therein the channels' 28 and 30. .T e channels 30 are connected at one end of the engine with a water supply by means of the pipes 31' as seen best in Fig. 4*'of the drawings, while the channels 28 are connected in a similar manner with an "oil supply by means of pipes32.

The pipes 31and 32 are stationary and are provided with pumping extensions 3 3 and 34 respectively. The extensions 33 and -34 are similarly provided with gravity valves 35,

said valves openinginto the channels 30 and l 28 respectively. A ackings 36 prevent the exudation of the rlil and .water around the said extensions33 and 34.` The piston rods 17 and 18 slidefreelyA and smoothly over the stationary extensions 33 andl34 and at each' impulse towards the said extenison, the ypiston rod and the contents of the channel 28 and 30, operate to close the valves 35 with the resulta-nt displacementbf the oil `and water contained in the said channels,

the said oil and water being moved in -the said-channels ina relatively forward dlrection. It is' obvious that afterhaviig made I their strokes toward the extensions 33 and 34 the shafts move retractively with the result that the yalves 35 are openedto Vdeliver into the Lsaid shafts the equivalent of the water or A oil displaced therefrom by the previous forward movement of the said piston' rods. It 'will be understoodthat the valves 35 at the opposite ends of the machine open in the saine -direction with the result Haat the said valves open to permit the water and oil at .one end of the machine-to enterthe channels 30 and 28 while at the other end of the machine the va1'ves\open to admit the water and oil tothe pipes 33 Aland 32. The operating result of this' is thatthe'watea: and bil is forced into channels 30 and`28 atj'one end of the machine and drawn from, the said channel-s at the other end- Qf the'machine 'thereby establishing a forced circulation of- .water and oil through the said channels and pistons associated therewith.

As the 'water is displaced from th channels 3,0 it'js carried by the passages 37 into the body of the pistons A where it is delivered as close as eonvenient t`o the centerof the acking member said piston.v A return pipe 38 with an ope'nl receiving and adjacent the periphery ofthe pistonA conveys the water from the first cylinder to the branch of the channel 30 connecting with lthe second cylinder of the same series. A partitition 39 interrupts the channel 30 to secure the circulation described.-

An action similarl to that describedr with reference -to the water through the channels 30 and the' piston A is produced in the oil circulating system with which the invention is provided by means of the delivery pipe 40 which is connected .with the channel 2 8 on one side 'of the central partition and the return pi e'41 which takes the oil from the groove opposite side of the piston ,to return it to the channel 28. This construction can be ash 24,v -at the diametrically From the foregoing it will be seen that if the two shafts 17 and 18 are reciprocated,

inl relatively opposite directions as in the operation of the present machine they are, the water and oil supplied by means of the pipes 31 and 32 is circulated, the water and oil passing through the channels 30 and 28 and into the pistons A successively to the opposite ends of the said shafts where the said water and oil are returned to' the source from which they Awere taken, there to be cooled or otherwise handled in a .manner common lto the radiating and .oiling systems of internal combustion engines. This movement of the shafts is secured by expanding or exploding the expansible medium between pistons A and B and alternately at opposite sides thereof with the exception of the end pistons, the explosive operating these `happening on `one side only.

When employing explosive fuel as proino yduce by gasoline or other explosive gases', a series of manifolds 42 are employed, each'.

operatively connected with a carburetor 43 of approved type. The manifolds 42 have access to the cylinder 15 through inlets closed by valves '44 of. usual construction.l The valve chambers 45 in which the said valves are mounted open to theJ interior the cylinder 15. These cham s are preferably disposed at opposite` s' es of the said cylinder to the exhaust valve chambers 46 wherein the exhaust valves 4 7 vare disposed. The chambers 46'open to the exhaust manifold 48 'in the same .manner as usually vemployed in-in`terna1 combustion engines.

vAn ignition system f any approved type is employed .wherein spark plugs 49 are used.- i

The plugs 49 are connected with any suitable distributing system whereby ignition sparks are produced in the plugs. 49 to ig'Q thereom l As shown `in Figures 1 and 2, there are iive pistons, three pistons A, and two pistons B. y

As above stated the pistons A are all mounted rigidly on the p-iston rod 17 while the pistons B are all mounted rigidly on compressed, and in the other space a fully expanded inert or combusted gases ready for evacuation through the exhaust manifold 48.

W'ith reference to the disposition of the shafts 17 and 18 and pistons A and B as shown in Figures lnand 2 of the drawings, it may be, conceived that countingfroui the left-hand of the combined figures the space.,

indicated by the letter X contains compressed explosive fuel, while the space indicated by the letter Y has delivered its dead gases, the spaceG indicated by the letter'Z may be conceived to have a charge of explosive fuel ready to be compressed, While the space W contains fully expanded dead gases of the previous explos-ion. If now aspark is emitted from the plug 49 opposite the space X, the pistons A and B at vopposite sides of the space X, will be equally `moved outward from the center of the space X by the explosion occurring therein. The shafts 17 and 18 will be moved correspondingly with the result that the explosive fuel in the space Z will be compressed ready for explosion. The space Y will be increased to draw in a charge of explosive fuel through the valve chamber and manifold 42, while the dead gases in the space l/V will be driven olf through them exhaust valve chamber 46 and the manifold 48. The explosive conditionwill then be found to have been set up in the space AZ,` the firing wherein then compresses thecharge in the space Y and exhausts the dead gases from the spacev X, charging in turn the space W which charge will be comf pressed by the explosion which immediately transpires in the space Y and so on repeating the four cycles of the engine. y The shafts 17 and 18 are rigidly connected to cross heads 50 and 851, respectively, at one end of the said shafts. -The cross heads 50 and 51 are operatively connected by the connecting rods 52 and 53 with .the cranks 54 and 55 respectively. The

cranks 54 and 55 are formed on the crank .introducingY shaft 56 which supports a flywheel 57.

As may be seen by reference to the drawings, the cranks 54 and 55 are oppositely disposed or set so that when the shafts 17 and 18 are reciprocatedi in opposite directions the propulsive impulse is imparted tov the cranks in correspondence therewith. In this manner it is obvious that the rotaryv impulse imparted to the shaft 56 is balanced impulse, thereby eliminating all vibration therefrom. A

The fan 22 is operatively connected with the shaft 56 by means of a transmission shaft 58, pulley 59 mounted thereon, and

a belt 60 which is used to connect the pulley 59 and a pulley 61 on the fan shaft which is l held in the bracket 62.

Claims.

1. An engine comprising a. cylinder; a

.crank shaft having oppositely extended cranks; a plurality of pistons reciprocatively mounted in said cylinder in paired relation; a plurality of piston rods' each operatively connected with oneN of said cranks and with one of said pistons for movement thereby in relatively opposite directions; thepiston ro'ds being positioned in close side by side relation and extending axially of the cylinder and through said piston, and means for introducing an expansible medium between said pistons for moving the same' in relatively opposite directions, simultaneously.

2. An engine mcomprising a cylinder; a l

crank shaft Vhaving oppositely extended cranks; a plurality of pistons reciprocatively -mounted in said cylinder in paired relation; a plurality of hollow concentrically arranged piston rods each operatively connnected with one of said-cranks andwith one ,of said pistons for movement thereby in relatively opposite directions;

sai-d piston rods extending axially ,of the` cylinder through .the-pistons, and means for 'in opposite directions simultaneously.

a power roducing medium loe- 3. An engine comprising a cylinder; a l

crank shaft having oppositely vextended cranks; a plurality of pistons( reciprocatively mounted in said cylinder in paired relation; "a plurality of relatively slidable' piston rods, semi-circular 1n cross section with their fiat faces abutting, extending axially of the cylinder through said pistons and each operatively connected with one of said-cranks and one of said pistons, 'and means for introducing and exhausting a power producing medium between said pistons for effecting movement thereofY simultaneously in opposite directions.

vuren. w. Monap 

